How do I know if I have mites in my house?

Updated on December 31st, 2024

In the hidden corners of our homes, tiny creatures called mites can silently thrive, causing problems for our health and our living environment. These microscopic pests—with their remarkable adaptability and elusive nature—can be a source of concern for many homeowners. 

But how can one determine if these unwelcome guests have taken up residence in our abode?

In this article, we will explore the telltale signs and symptoms that may indicate the presence of mites in your house. So, let us embark on this journey of detection.

Problems mites cause 

Mites, with a staggering count of over 45,000 known types, are multifaceted pests that belong to a broad category of troublemakers. Troubles they cause include:

Where mites make their home 

Mites inhabit a wide range of environments, from the depths of the sea to the vast expanse of forests and deserts. In fact, some mites can withstand temperatures as low as negative 22 degrees Fahrenheit or as high as 122 degrees F.

In terms of hosts, mites have adapted to live on a variety of them, including humans —such as you and me—and animals, like birds, mammals, reptiles and even insects. For example, humans can be hosts to the Demodex folliculorum mite, which reside in hair follicles and sebaceous glands on the skin. (These mites are typically harmless and part of the natural microbiota on our bodies.)  Animals can be hosts to the Sarcoptes scabiei mite, which causes sarcoptic mange in animals such as dogs, (which leads to intense itching and skin irritation.)

Mites may also reside in soil, on plants and trees, and within human dwellings. 

Mite size

Mites come in a range of sizes, depending on the species. Generally, mites are extremely small. Here are a few examples: 

• Dust mites (Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus): Common household mites, about 0.2–0.3 mm in length.
• Chigger mites (Trombiculidae family): During the larval stage, about 0.2 to 0.4 mm.
• Bird mites (Dermanyssus gallinae): Found in bird nests or poultry facilities, ranging from 0.7–1.0 mm.
• Clover mites (Bryobia praetiosa): Red-colored mites, about 0.75 mm long.
• Scabies mites (Sarcoptes scabiei): Parasitic mites, barely visible to the naked eye, roughly 0.2–0.4 mm.

Note: .1 millimeters is roughly the thickness of plastic food wrap, whereas 1.5 millimeters is the thickness of a standard United States penny. 

Identifying mites in your home

Detecting mites can be challenging, but certain signs may indicate their presence. Be vigilant and look out for these key indicators:

• Unexplained bites: Waking up with red welts or itchy bites could signal mite activity. Certain species—like bird mites or bed mites—may bite humans, leaving behind these marks. 
• Dust allergies: Mites thrive in dust. Persistent dust allergies—despite regular cleaning—may suggest their presence.
• Visible signs of infestation: While mites are microscopic and hard to spot, they leave behind clusters of black specks or dots on bedding, furniture or carpets—these may be droppings or dead mites.
•  Dust mites: Common in mattresses, pillows and upholstered furniture. 
• Allergic reactions: Mite allergens can provoke sneezing, runny noses, congestion, watery eyes or asthma-like symptoms. If allergy symptoms arise without a clear cause, mites might be contributing factors.
• Skin irritation and itching: Mites—especially human scabies mites (Sarcoptes scabiei)—are infamous for causing persistent itching and skin irritations. If you experience unexplained skin issues, these mites could be the culprits.
• Human scabies mites: These mites burrow into the skin to lay eggs, triggering intense itching caused by the body's immune response to their burrowing, feces and secretions.

Four common mite species to watch for

These tiny nuisances can infiltrate your humble abode, each bringing its own set of challenges:

• Dust mites: These pesky creatures (Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus and Dermatophagoides farinae) make themselves at home in your bedding, carpets and upholstery, causing allergic reactions and making your life itchier than a wool sweater.
• Storage mites: Sneaky invaders like grain mites and flour mites target your pantry, feasting on grains, cereals and dried fruits. They’re tiny thieves, silently enjoying their feast while you're left with contaminated food.
• House mites: A diverse bunch that includes clover mites, spider mites and itch mites. Clover mites and spider mites wreak havoc on plants, whereas itch mites make your skin crawl with their irritating bites.
• Rat mites: Unwelcome companions of rodent infestations. As if rodents weren’t enough trouble, these mites add insult to injury with their itchy bites and persistent presence.

Mite attractions

Ah, the allure of mites… These crafty creatures are drawn to various conditions that make our homes their ideal hunting grounds. Here’s a closer look at what tempts them, like moths to a flame:

• Warmth and humidity: Mites thrive in warm, humid environments. The cozy conditions of our homes—especially where dust accumulates—create the perfect breeding ground.
• Skin flakes and dander: A feast for mites! Dead skin cells and dander that we shed provide an irresistible banquet, especially for dust mites.
• Dust and debris: Mites seek refuge in dust and debris, which offer both protection and nourishment.
• Moisture and mold: Damp areas like bathrooms or water leaks attract mites. Mold growth in these environments makes them even more appealing.
• Food sources: Certain types of mites—such as storage mites—are attracted to food items. Like pantry moths, they can infest dry goods, making them less appetizing for human consumption.

Seven ways to get rid of mites

Ah, the quest to rid your home of mites is indeed a noble endeavor. Fear not—I will equip you with the knowledge to combat these pesky creatures and restore harmony to your abode. Here are some strategies to consider:

• Clean and declutter: Regularly clean and vacuum your home, paying close attention to areas where dust tends to accumulate, such as carpets, rugs, bedding and upholstery. 
  
  
• Wash and (hot) dry: Wash your bedding, linens, curtains and other fabric items regularly in hot water to kill mites and remove their allergenic particles. After washing, dry them in a hot dryer, as the high temperature helps eliminate mites.
  
  
• Encase mattresses and pillows: Consider using allergen-proof covers on mattresses, pillows and box springs. These covers create a barrier that prevents mites from infiltrating these havens and reduce the chances of allergic reactions.
  
  
• Reduce humidity: Mites thrive in humid environments, so keep humidity levels in check. Use dehumidifiers in damp areas like basements or bathrooms and ensure proper ventilation to minimize excess moisture.
  
• Limit food sources: If you're dealing with food mites, store dry goods like grains, cereals and pet food in airtight containers to prevent mite infestation. Regularly check for signs of mites in your pantry and discard any contaminated items.
  
  
• Use Dust to Dust on plants: If spider mites or clover mites are infesting your plants, Dust to Dust will deter them and promote healthy growth. Silica, a key ingredient, is essential for plant development and reduces mite populations by:
• Creating an abrasive plant surface.
• Stimulating the production of defensive compounds that deter mites. 

• Use Dust to Dust in other areas: Lightly sprinkle Dust to Dust in the following locations:
• Carpets, rugs and furniture: Focus on areas with pets or visible infestations. Use the Insect Buster for even application.
• Bedding: Dust a thin layer on mattresses, pillows and bedding materials, paying attention to seams and folds. Let it sit for a few hours before vacuuming with a HEPA filter or laundering.
• Baseboards and crevices: Apply along baseboards, window sills and cracks where mites may hide.
• Outdoor areas:  Apply around the perimeter of your house and patio if you suspect mite activity outdoors.